什么是冲击式破碎机？

骨料行业（水泥、搅拌混凝土、沥青、碎石、沙子和砾石）希望以尽可能高效、低成本的方式将岩石、沙子和砾石加工成可销售的产品。其中一种加工这些材料的方法是将砾石、岩石和沙子通过冲击破碎机，该设备通过用高速移动的打击臂击打材料，或将其扔到固定的铁砧上，以碰击破碎。

冲击式破碎机s may be used as primary, secondary, or tertiary crushers depending on the Producer’s final-product-size needs. 冲击式破碎机s are available in stationary, track, and portable configurations meeting any demand for any of these industries. Although 冲击式破碎机s generally have a higher operating cost than other crushers, they tend to produce a more uniform particle shape (cubical) which is desirable and produce more fines for hot asphalt producers. Common types of 冲击式破碎机s are Horizontal Shaft Impactor (HSI) and Vertical Shaft Impactor (VSI). While the ultimate design of each type of impactor is to crush rock, their methodologies differ.

水平轴冲击破（HSI）由料斗、两个或三个挡板（帘幕）、转子和锤（冲击棒）组成。本质上，较大的物料被送入料斗，然后与旋转转子上的锤子接触，锤子将物料粉碎成更小的碎片。当较大的物料被锤子撞击时，它会接触每个挡板，将其反弹回旋转的锤子进行下一轮撞击，直到物料从HSI中排出。

HSI分级由转子速度控制，速度越快，输出越细；挡板间隙设置越小，分级越细；锤子的数量取决于破碎机的速度。转子的结构可以是开放式或实心的，铸造或制造陶瓷。如果冲击器用于一级破碎位置，建议采用大量实心转子，因为其具有较高的惯性，有助于实现最佳破碎性能，并为锤子提供坚固的支撑，延长使用寿命并降低成本。如果冲击器位于二级或三级位置，则高效的开放式转子和重力悬挂的挡板可以在破碎骨料或再生沥青产品时，提供稳定的一贯性能。

锤子在使用水平轴冲击式破碎机时是关键部分。锤子的金属组成非常重要；选择不适合您应用的锤子可能会降低产量，并增加维修/更换成本。锤子可以由混合合金、锰、低铬、高铬和高铬陶瓷制成。以下是各个锤子材料最适用的应用：

高铬 沥青，高度磨蚀性的材料，较小的进料尺寸

中号铬色 大部分钢铁污染物，部分沥青，较大的给料粒度

低铬 混凝土，拆除，骨料，重钢污染物，非常大的进料尺寸

锰 abrasive materials, asphalt, concrete, light aggregates,  some steel or rebar contaminants, larger feed size

Vertical Shaft Impactors (VSI) consist of a feed hopper, feed tube, a rotor, and either stationary anvils or rock shelves. Essentially, feed material drops through the feed tube into the rotor, which, through centrifugal force, throws the material against stationary anvils made up of composite metal alloys or rock shelves. When the rock impacts the anvils or rock shelves, it shatters along natural stress lines, creating a uniform, cubical product. This method is both economical and simple to operate. The VSI has the best rate of production of smaller sizes (- ½”) as it is the only crusher that does not close off the discharge side to make a smaller product. But are also limited in feed size both by the feed tube and table configurations.

冲击式破碎机s produce the most uniform cubical shape for finished 产品, due to its consistent ability to uniformly break apart aggregates through striking. Striking can be done with rapid moving hammers as seen on the Horizontal Shaft Impactor or being thrown against an anvil or rock wall as seen on the Vertical Shaft Impactor. 冲击式破碎机 machines are available as stationary, track, or mobile units, and can be used in the primary, secondary, or tertiary position in the Producer’s line up. 冲击式破碎机s can be subject to high wear and operating costs and high production of fines.